Senate roll call 398 · 95th Congress · Sep 23, 1977
To agree to a modified amendment to S. 2104 that would add to the bill a title establishing a public corporation with limited authority to explore and develop
On Sep 23, 1977, the Senate voted 22–72 (S 2104). Result: failed. By party: Democrats 22–35, Republicans 1–36, Independents 0–1. It was a bipartisan vote: majorities of both parties voted no. 23 members voted against their own party.
During the 95th Congress (1977–1978), Jimmy Carter was president, and Democrats held majorities in both the House and Senate.
- Yes
- 22
- No
- 72
- Did not vote
- 9
- Date
- Sep 23, 1977
By party
- Democrats22 yes · 35 no · 8 didn’t vote
- Republicans1 yes · 36 no · 1 didn’t vote
- Independents0 yes · 1 no
Who broke with their party
- John Jackson Sparkman D-AL voted yes
- Alan Cranston D-CA voted yes
- Abraham Alexander Ribicoff D-CT voted yes
- Daniel Ken Inouye D-HI voted yes
- Edward Moore (Ted) Kennedy D-MA voted yes
- Paul Spyros Sarbanes D-MD voted yes
- Edmund Sixtus Muskie D-ME voted yes
- William Dodd Hathaway D-ME voted yes
- Donald Wayne Riegle Jr. D-MI voted yes
- Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr. D-MN voted yes
- Wendell Richard Anderson D-MN voted yes
- John Anthony Durkin D-NH voted yes
- Thomas James Mcintyre D-NH voted yes
- Clifford Philip Case R-NJ voted yes
- Harrison Arlington Williams Jr. D-NJ voted yes
- Daniel Patrick Moynihan D-NY voted yes
- Howard Morton Metzenbaum D-OH voted yes
- George Stanley Mcgovern D-SD voted yes
- James George Abourezk D-SD voted yes
- Patrick Joseph Leahy D-VT voted yes
- Henry Martin (Scoop) Jackson D-WA voted yes
- Gaylord Anton Nelson D-WI voted yes
- Robert Carlyle Byrd D-WV voted yes
How each senator voted: Yes
- John Jackson Sparkman D-AL
- Alan Cranston D-CA
- Abraham Alexander Ribicoff D-CT
- Daniel Ken Inouye D-HI
- Edward Moore (Ted) Kennedy D-MA
- Paul Spyros Sarbanes D-MD
- Edmund Sixtus Muskie D-ME
- William Dodd Hathaway D-ME
- Donald Wayne Riegle Jr. D-MI
- Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr. D-MN
- Wendell Richard Anderson D-MN
- John Anthony Durkin D-NH
- Thomas James Mcintyre D-NH
- Clifford Philip Case R-NJ
- Harrison Arlington Williams Jr. D-NJ
- Daniel Patrick Moynihan D-NY
- Howard Morton Metzenbaum D-OH
- George Stanley Mcgovern D-SD
- James George Abourezk D-SD
- Patrick Joseph Leahy D-VT
- Henry Martin (Scoop) Jackson D-WA
- Gaylord Anton Nelson D-WI
- Robert Carlyle Byrd D-WV
How each senator voted: No
- Theodore Fulton (Ted) Stevens R-AK
- James Browning Allen D-AL
- Dale Bumpers D-AR
- Barry Morris Goldwater R-AZ
- Dennis Webster Deconcini D-AZ
- Samuel Ichiye Hayakawa R-CA
- Floyd Kirk Haskell D-CO
- Gary Warren Hart D-CO
- Lowell Palmer Weicker Jr. R-CT
- Joseph Robinette (Joe) Biden Jr. D-DE
- William Victor Roth Jr. R-DE
- Lawton Mainor Chiles Jr. D-FL
- Richard Bernard Stone D-FL
- Samuel Augustus Nunn D-GA
- Spark Masayuki Matsunaga D-HI
- John Chester Culver D-IA
- Richard Clarence (Dick) Clark D-IA
- Frank Forrester Church D-ID
- James Albertus Mcclure R-ID
- Adlai Ewing III Stevenson D-IL
- Charles Harting Percy R-IL
- Birch Evans Bayh D-IN
- Richard Green Lugar R-IN
- James Blackwood Pearson R-KS
- Robert Joseph (Bob) Dole R-KS
- Walter Darlington Huddleston D-KY
- Wendell Hampton Ford D-KY
- Russell Billiu Long D-LA
- Edward William Brooke III R-MA
- Charles McCurdy Mathias Jr. R-MD
- Robert Paul Griffin R-MI
- John Claggett Danforth R-MO
- Thomas Francis Eagleton D-MO
- James Oliver Eastland D-MS
- John Cornelius Stennis D-MS
- John Melcher D-MT
- Lee Warren Metcalf D-MT
- Jesse Helms R-NC
- Robert Burren Morgan D-NC
- Milton Ruben Young R-ND
- Quentin Northrup Burdick D-ND
- Carl Thomas Curtis R-NE
- Edward Zorinsky D-NE
- Harrison Hagan Schmitt R-NM
- Pete Vichi Domenici R-NM
- Howard Walter Cannon D-NV
- Paul Dominique Laxalt R-NV
- Jacob Koppel Javits R-NY
- John Herschel Glenn Jr. D-OH
- Henry Louis Bellmon R-OK
- Mark Odom Hatfield R-OR
- Robert William Packwood R-OR
- Henry John Heinz III R-PA
- Richard Schultz Schweiker R-PA
- Claiborne de Borda Pell D-RI
- John Hubbard Chafee R-RI
- Ernest Frederick (Fritz) Hollings D-SC
- James Strom Thurmond R-SC
- Howard Henry Baker Jr. R-TN
- James Ralph Sasser D-TN
- John Goodwin Tower R-TX
- Lloyd Millard Bentsen Jr. D-TX
- Edwin Jacob (Jake) Garn R-UT
- Orrin Grant Hatch R-UT
- Harry Flood Byrd Jr. I-VA
- William Lloyd Scott R-VA
- Robert Theodore Stafford R-VT
- Warren Grant Magnuson D-WA
- William Proxmire D-WI
- Jennings Randolph D-WV
- Clifford Peter Hansen R-WY
- Malcolm Wallop R-WY
Did not vote
Other votes
From Voteview roll call records.
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Capitol Receipts, “To agree to a modified amendment to S. 2104…: Senate Vote, Sep 23…,” https://www.capitolreceipts.com/vote/95-S-398/to-agree-to-a-modified-amendment-to-s-2104 (accessed 2026-10-15).