House roll call 229 · 44th Congress · Jan 8, 1877
To suspend rules and pass a h. Res. Providing that the committee on education and labor ascertain whether there are equal opportunities for common school educat
On Jan 8, 1877, the House voted 118–79. Result: passed. By party: Democrats 33–78, Republicans 80–0, Others 2–1, Independents 3–0. It was a split vote: the parties took opposite sides, with some members crossing over. 33 members voted against their own party.
During the 44th Congress (1875–1876), Ulysses S. Grant was president, and Democrats held the House majority and Republicans the Senate majority.
- Yes
- 118
- No
- 79
- Did not vote
- 111
- Date
- Jan 8, 1877
By party
- Republicans80 yes · 0 no · 31 didn’t vote
- Democrats33 yes · 78 no · 77 didn’t vote
- Others2 yes · 1 no · 2 didn’t vote
- Independents3 yes · 0 no · 1 didn’t vote
Who broke with their party
- William Wallace Wilshire D-AR voted yes
- John King Luttrell D-CA voted yes
- Lucien Lester Ainsworth D-IA voted yes
- John Valcoulon Le Moyne D-IL voted yes
- John Courts Bagby D-IL voted yes
- William McKendree Springer D-IL voted yes
- Adlai Ewing Stevenson D-IL voted yes
- William Steele Holman D-IN voted yes
- Franklin Landers D-IN voted yes
- John Randolph Goodin D-KS voted yes
- Charles Perkins Thompson D-MA voted yes
- Alpheus Starkey Williams D-MI voted yes
- Allen Potter D-MI voted yes
- Edward Charles Kehr D-MO voted yes
- Erastus Wells D-MO voted yes
- Robert Anthony Hatcher D-MO voted yes
- Charles Henry Morgan D-MO voted yes
- David Rea D-MO voted yes
- Rezin A. De Bolt D-MO voted yes
- Aylett Hawes Buckner D-MO voted yes
- Robert Brank Vance D-NC voted yes
- Augustus William Cutler D-NJ voted yes
- Abram Stevens Hewitt D-NY voted yes
- Earley Franklin Poppleton D-OH voted yes
- Jacob Pitzer Cowan D-OH voted yes
- Henry B. Payne D-OH voted yes
- Hiester Clymer D-PA voted yes
- William Henry Stanton D-PA voted yes
- James Bernard Reilly D-PA voted yes
- Joseph Powell D-PA voted yes
- John Reilly D-PA voted yes
- Alexander Gilmore Cochran D-PA voted yes
- George Washington Cate D-WI voted yes
How each representative voted: Yes
- Jeremiah Haralson R-AL
- William Wallace Wilshire D-AR
- Horace Francis Page R-CA
- John King Luttrell D-CA
- John Turner Wait R-CT
- George Washington Mccrary R-IA
- John Quincy Tufts R-IA
- Lucien Lester Ainsworth D-IA
- Henry Otis Pratt R-IA
- James Wilson R-IA
- Ezekiel Silas Sampson R-IA
- John Adam Kasson R-IA
- James Wilson Mcdill R-IA
- Samuel Addison Oliver R-IA
- John Valcoulon Le Moyne D-IL
- Horatio Chapin Burchard R-IL
- Thomas Jefferson Henderson R-IL
- Alexander Campbell I-IL
- Greenbury Lafayette Fort R-IL
- Richard Henry Whiting R-IL
- John Courts Bagby D-IL
- William McKendree Springer D-IL
- Adlai Ewing Stevenson D-IL
- Joseph Gurney Cannon R-IL
- William Steele Holman D-IN
- Franklin Landers D-IN
- Morton Craig Hunter R-IN
- Thomas Jefferson Cason R-IN
- James La Fayette Evans R-IN
- John Harris Baker R-IN
- William Addison Phillips R-KS
- John Randolph Goodin D-KS
- William Ripley Brown R-KS
- John Daugherty White R-KY
- Benjamin Winslow Harris R-MA
- Henry Lillie Pierce R-MA
- Nathaniel Prentice Banks I-MA
- Charles Perkins Thompson D-MA
- George Frisbie Hoar R-MA
- Julius Hawley Seelye I-MA
- John Holmes Burleigh R-ME
- William Pierce Frye R-ME
- Edwin Flye R-ME
- Harris Merrill Plaisted R-ME
- Eugene Hale R-ME
- Alpheus Starkey Williams D-MI
- George Willard R-MI
- Allen Potter D-MI
- William Brewster Williams R-MI
- Omar Dwight Conger R-MI
- Nathan Ball Bradley R-MI
- Jay Abel Hubbell R-MI
- Mark Hill Dunnell R-MN
- Edward Charles Kehr D-MO
- Erastus Wells D-MO
- Robert Anthony Hatcher D-MO
- Charles Henry Morgan D-MO
- David Rea D-MO
- Rezin A. De Bolt D-MO
- Aylett Hawes Buckner D-MO
- John Roy Lynch R-MS
- John Adams Hyman R-NC
- Robert Brank Vance D-NC
- Clement Hall Sinnickson R-NJ
- Samuel Atkinson Dobbins R-NJ
- Augustus William Cutler D-NJ
- Simeon Baldwin Chittenden O-NY
- Abram Stevens Hewitt D-NY
- Charles Henry Adams R-NY
- Martin Ingham Townsend R-NY
- Andrew Williams R-NY
- Samuel Franklin Miller R-NY
- George Augustus Bagley R-NY
- Elias Warner Leavenworth R-NY
- Clinton Dugald Macdougall R-NY
- Elbridge Gerry Lapham R-NY
- Thomas Collier Platt R-NY
- John Madison Davy R-NY
- George Gilbert Hoskins R-NY
- Nelson Ira Norton R-NY
- William Lawrence R-OH
- Earley Franklin Poppleton D-OH
- Charles Foster R-OH
- Jacob Pitzer Cowan D-OH
- Nelson Holmes Van Vorhes R-OH
- Laurin Dewey Woodworth R-OH
- James Monroe R-OH
- James Abram Garfield R-OH
- Henry B. Payne D-OH
- Chapman Freeman R-PA
- Charles O'Neill R-PA
- Alan Wood Jr. R-PA
- Hiester Clymer D-PA
- Abraham Herr Smith R-PA
- William Henry Stanton D-PA
- James Bernard Reilly D-PA
- John Black Packer R-PA
- Joseph Powell D-PA
- Sobieski Ross R-PA
- John Reilly D-PA
- Alexander Gilmore Cochran D-PA
- John Winfield Wallace R-PA
- Benjamin Tucker Eames R-RI
- Latimer Whipple Ballou R-RI
- Joseph Hayne Rainey R-SC
- Solomon Lafayette Hoge R-SC
- Alexander Stuart Wallace R-SC
- Robert Smalls R-SC
- Jacob Montgomery Thornburgh R-TN
- William Henry Harrison Stowell R-VA
- Dudley Chase Denison O-VT
- George Whitman Hendee R-VT
- Charles Grandison Williams R-WI
- Lucien Bonaparte Caswell R-WI
- Henry Sterling Magoon R-WI
- Alanson Mellen Kimball R-WI
- Jeremiah McLain Rusk R-WI
- George Washington Cate D-WI
How each representative voted: No
- Jeremiah Norman Williams D-AL
- Taul Bradford D-AL
- John Henry Caldwell D-AL
- Goldsmith Whitehouse Hewitt D-AL
- William Henry Forney D-AL
- Lucien Coatsworth Gause D-AR
- William Ferguson Slemons D-AR
- Thomas Montague Gunter D-AR
- William Adam Piper D-CA
- George Marcellus Landers D-CT
- Levi Warner D-CT
- James Williams D-DE
- Jesse Johnson Finley D-FL
- Julian Hartridge D-GA
- William Ephraim Smith D-GA
- Philip Cook D-GA
- Henry Richard Harris D-GA
- Milton Anthony Candler D-GA
- James Henderson Blount D-GA
- William Harrell Felton O-GA
- Bernard Gregory Caulfield D-IL
- Carter Henry Harrison D-IL
- Scott Wike D-IL
- John Rice Eden D-IL
- William Andrew Jackson Sparks D-IL
- William Hartzell D-IL
- Benoni Stinson Fuller D-IN
- Andrew Humphreys D-IN
- Andrew Rechmond Boone D-KY
- John Young Brown D-KY
- Charles William Milliken D-KY
- James Proctor Knott D-KY
- Milton Jameson Durham D-KY
- John Blades Clarke D-KY
- William Mallory Levy D-LA
- Charles Boyle Roberts D-MD
- William James O'Brien D-MD
- Richard Parks Bland D-MO
- Benjamin Joseph Franklin D-MO
- John Bullock Clark Jr. D-MO
- Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar D-MS
- Otho Robards Singleton D-MS
- Jesse Johnson Yeates D-NC
- Joseph Jonathan Davis D-NC
- Alfred Moore Scales D-NC
- Thomas Samuel Ashe D-NC
- Robert Hamilton D-NJ
- Augustus Albert Hardenbergh D-NJ
- Fernando Wood D-NY
- Benjamin Albertson Willis D-NY
- Nathaniel Holmes Odell D-NY
- John Simpson Savage D-OH
- Lawrence Talbot Neal D-OH
- Milton Isaiah Southard D-OH
- John Robbins D-PA
- William Mutchler D-PA
- William Shearer Stenger D-PA
- Levi Maish D-PA
- Jacob Turney D-PA
- George Gibbs Dibrell D-TN
- Haywood Yancey Riddle D-TN
- John Morgan Bright D-TN
- John DeWitt Clinton Atkins D-TN
- William Parker Caldwell D-TN
- Hiram Casey Young D-TN
- John Henninger Reagan D-TX
- David Browning Culberson D-TX
- James Webb Throckmorton D-TX
- Roger Quarles Mills D-TX
- John Hancock D-TX
- Gustave Schleicher D-TX
- Beverly Browne Douglas D-VA
- George Craighead Cabell D-VA
- John Randolph Tucker D-VA
- John Thomas Harris D-VA
- Eppa Hunton D-VA
- William Terry D-VA
- Benjamin Wilson D-WV
- Frank Hereford D-WV
Did not vote
- Charles Hays R-AL
- Burwell Boykin Lewis D-AL
- Peter Dinwiddie Wigginton D-CA
- James Burns Belford R-CO
- James Phelps D-CT
- Henry Howard Starkweather R-CT
- William Henry Barnum D-CT
- William James Purman R-FL
- Josiah Thomas Walls R-FL
- Alexander Hamilton Stephens D-GA
- Benjamin Harvey Hill D-GA
- Charles Benjamin Farwell R-IL
- Stephen Augustus Hurlbut R-IL
- William Ralls Morrison D-IL
- William Black Anderson I-IL
- James Douglas Williams D-IN
- Michael Crawford Kerr D-IN
- Nathan Tracy Carr D-IN
- Jeptha Dudley New D-IN
- Milton Stapp Robinson R-IN
- William Summerville Haymond D-IN
- Andrew Holman Hamilton D-IN
- Edward Young Parsons D-KY
- Henry Watterson D-KY
- Thomas Laurens Jones D-KY
- Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn D-KY
- Randall Lee Gibson D-LA
- Ezekiel John Ellis D-LA
- Chester Bidwell Darrall R-LA
- Frank Morey R-LA
- William Brainerd Spencer D-LA
- Charles Edmund Nash R-LA
- James Buffinton R-MA
- William Wallace Crapo R-MA
- Josiah Gardner Abbott D-MA
- Rufus Smith Frost R-MA
- John Kemble Tarbox D-MA
- William Wirt Warren D-MA
- Chester William Chapin D-MA
- Philip Francis Thomas D-MD
- Thomas Swann D-MD
- Eli Jones Henkle D-MD
- William Walsh D-MD
- James Gillespie Blaine R-ME
- Henry Waldron R-MI
- George Harman Durand D-MI
- Horace Burton Strait R-MN
- William Smith King R-MN
- William Henry Stone D-MO
- John Finis Philips D-MO
- John Montgomery Glover D-MO
- Guilford Wiley Wells O-MS
- Hernando De Soto Money D-MS
- Charles Edward Hooker D-MS
- Alfred Moore Waddell D-NC
- William McKendree Robbins D-NC
- Lorenzo Crounse R-NE
- Frank Jones D-NH
- Samuel Newell Bell D-NH
- Henry William Blair R-NH
- Miles Ross D-NJ
- Frederick Halstead Teese D-NJ
- William Woodburn R-NV
- Henry Bleecker Metcalfe D-NY
- John Godfrey Schumaker D-NY
- Archibald Meserole Bliss D-NY
- Edwin Ruthven Meade D-NY
- Samuel Sullivan Cox D-NY
- David Dudley Field D-NY
- Smith Ely Jr. D-NY
- Elijah Ward D-NY
- John Osborne Whitehouse D-NY
- George Monroe Beebe D-NY
- John Holroyd Bagley Jr. D-NY
- William Almon Wheeler R-NY
- Henry Harrison Hathorn R-NY
- Scott Lord D-NY
- William Henry Baker R-NY
- Charles Christopher Brainerd Walker D-NY
- Lyman Kidder Bass R-NY
- Milton Sayler D-OH
- Henry Blackstone Banning D-OH
- John A. Mcmahon D-OH
- Americus Vespucius Rice D-OH
- Frank Hunt Hurd D-OH
- John Luther Vance D-OH
- Ansel Tracy Walling D-OH
- Lorenzo Danford R-OH
- George Augustus La Dow D-OR
- La Fayette Lane D-OR
- Samuel Jackson Randall D-PA
- William Darrah Kelley R-PA
- Washington Townsend R-PA
- Francis Dolan Collins D-PA
- Winthrop Welles Ketchum R-PA
- Levi Augustus Mackey D-PA
- James Herron Hopkins D-PA
- George Augustus Jenks D-PA
- James Sheakley D-PA
- Albert Gallatin Egbert D-PA
- Charles Wilson Buttz R-SC
- Edmund William McGregor Mackey O-SC
- William Mcfarland D-TN
- John Ford House D-TN
- Washington Curran Whitthorne D-TN
- John Goode Jr. D-VA
- Gilbert Carlton Walker D-VA
- Charles Herbert Joyce R-VT
- William Pitt Lynde D-WI
- Samuel Dickinson Burchard D-WI
- Charles James Faulkner D-WV
Other votes
From Voteview roll call records.
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Capitol Receipts, “To suspend rules and pass a h. Res…: House Vote, Jan 8, 1877,” https://www.capitolreceipts.com/vote/44-H-229/to-suspend-rules-and-pass-a-h-res-providing (accessed 2026-10-16).