Innovators to Entrepreneurs Act

On Feb 25, 2019, the House voted 385–18 on “On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass” (HR 539). Result: Passed. By party: Democrats 214–0, Republicans 171–18. It was a bipartisan vote: majorities of both parties voted yes. 18 members voted against their own party.

During the 116th Congress (2019–2020), Donald Trump was president, and Democrats held the House majority and Republicans the Senate majority.

Result: Passed
Yes: 385
No: 18
Did not vote: 48
Date: Feb 25, 2019

By party

Republicans171 yes · 18 no · 19 didn’t vote
Democrats214 yes · 0 no · 27 didn’t vote

Who broke with their party

Mo Brooks R-AL voted no
Paul Gosar R-AZ voted no
Andrew S. Biggs R-AZ voted no
Tom Mcclintock R-CA voted no
Kenneth Robert Buck R-CO voted no
Ted Yoho R-FL voted no
W. Greg Steube R-FL voted no
Anderson Drew IV Ferguson R-GA voted no
Thomas Massie R-KY voted no
Justin Amash R-MI voted no
Virginia Ann Foxx R-NC voted no
Kevin Hern R-OK voted no
Tom Rice R-SC voted no
Louie Gohmert R-TX voted no
Charles Roy R-TX voted no
Benjamin Cline R-VA voted no
H. Morgan Griffith R-VA voted no
Glenn Grothman R-WI voted no

How each representative voted: Yes

Donald Edwin Young R-AK
Bradley Byrne R-AL
Martha Roby R-AL
Mike Dennis Rogers R-AL
Robert Aderholt R-AL
Gary James Palmer R-AL
Terri Sewell D-AL
Rick Crawford R-AR
French Hill R-AR
Steve Womack R-AR
Bruce Westerman R-AR
Thomas C. O'Halleran D-AZ
Ann Kirkpatrick D-AZ
Raúl M. Grijalva D-AZ
David Schweikert R-AZ
Ruben Gallego D-AZ
Debbie Lesko R-AZ
Greg Stanton D-AZ
Doug Lamalfa R-CA
Jared Huffman D-CA
John Garamendi D-CA
Michael Thompson D-CA
Ami Bera D-CA
Paul Cook R-CA
Jerry Mcnerney D-CA
Josh Harder D-CA
Mark James Desaulnier D-CA
Barbara Lee D-CA
Karen Lorraine Jacqueline (Jackie) Speier D-CA
Ro Khanna D-CA
Anna Georges Eshoo D-CA
Zoe Lofgren D-CA
James Varni Panetta D-CA
TJ Cox D-CA
Devin Nunes R-CA
Kevin Mccarthy R-CA
Salud Carbajal D-CA
Katie Hill D-CA
Julia Brownley D-CA
Judy Chu D-CA
Adam Schiff D-CA
Tony Cárdenas D-CA
Brad Sherman D-CA
Peter Rey Aguilar D-CA
Grace Flores Napolitano D-CA
Ted Lieu D-CA
Norma Judith Torres D-CA
Raul Ruiz D-CA
Karen Bass D-CA
Linda T. Sánchez D-CA
Gil Cisneros D-CA
Lucille Roybal-Allard D-CA
Mark Takano D-CA
Ken Calvert R-CA
Maxine Waters D-CA
Nanette Diaz Barragán D-CA
Katie Porter D-CA
Jose Luis Correa D-CA
Alan Lowenthal D-CA
Harley Rouda D-CA
Mike Levin D-CA
Duncan Duane Hunter R-CA
Juan Vargas D-CA
Scott Peters D-CA
Susan A. Davis D-CA
Diana Degette D-CO
Joseph Neguse D-CO
Scott Tipton R-CO
Doug Lamborn R-CO
Jason Crow D-CO
Ed Perlmutter D-CO
John B. Larson D-CT
Joe Courtney D-CT
Rosa L. Delauro D-CT
James A. Himes D-CT
Jahana Hayes D-CT
Lisa Blunt Rochester D-DE
Matthew L. II Gaetz R-FL
Neal Patrick Dunn R-FL
John Henry Rutherford R-FL
Michael Waltz R-FL
Stephanie Murphy D-FL
Bill Posey R-FL
Darren Michael Soto D-FL
Valdez Demings D-FL
Daniel A. Webster R-FL
Charlie Joseph Crist Jr. D-FL
Kathy Castor D-FL
Ross Spano R-FL
Vernon G. Buchanan R-FL
Brian Jeffrey Mast R-FL
Alcee Lamar Hastings D-FL
Theodore E. (Ted) Deutch D-FL
Debbie Wasserman Schultz D-FL
Frederica Wilson D-FL
Mario Diaz-Balart R-FL
Debbie Mucarsel-Powell D-FL
Donna Shalala D-FL
Buddy Carter R-GA
Sanford Dixon Bishop Jr. D-GA
Hank Johnson D-GA
John R. Lewis D-GA
Lucy Mcbath D-GA
Rob Woodall R-GA
Austin Scott R-GA
Doug Collins R-GA
Jody Brownlow Hice R-GA
Barry D. Loudermilk R-GA
Rick W. Allen R-GA
David Scott D-GA
Tom Graves R-GA
Ed Case D-HI
Tulsi Gabbard D-HI
Abby Finkenauer D-IA
Dave Loebsack D-IA
Cynthia Axne D-IA
Russell Fulcher R-ID
Michael K. Simpson R-ID
Robin L. Kelly D-IL
Daniel Lipinski D-IL
Jesús García D-IL
Mike Quigley D-IL
Sean Casten D-IL
S. Raja Krishnamoorthi D-IL
Janice D. Schakowsky D-IL
Brad Schneider D-IL
Bill Foster D-IL
Mike Bost R-IL
Rodney Davis R-IL
Lauren Underwood D-IL
John M. Shimkus R-IL
Adam Kinzinger R-IL
Cheri Bustos D-IL
Darin Lahood R-IL
Peter Visclosky D-IN
Jackie Walorski R-IN
James E. Banks R-IN
James Baird R-IN
Gregory Pence R-IN
André Carson D-IN
Larry Bucshon R-IN
Joseph Albert III Hollingsworth R-IN
Roger Wayne Marshall R-KS
Steve Watkins R-KS
Sharice Davids D-KS
Ron Estes R-KS
James Comer R-KY
Brett Guthrie R-KY
John Yarmuth D-KY
Harold Dallas (Hal) Rogers R-KY
Garland H. (Andy) Barr IV R-KY
Steve Scalise R-LA
Cedric Richmond D-LA
Clay Higgins R-LA
Mike Johnson R-LA
Garret Graves R-LA
Richard Edmund Neal D-MA
James P. Mcgovern D-MA
Lori Trahan D-MA
Joseph P. III Kennedy D-MA
Katherine M. Clark D-MA
Seth Moulton D-MA
Ayanna Pressley D-MA
Stephen F. Lynch D-MA
William R. Keating D-MA
Andy Harris R-MD
C. A. Dutch Ruppersberger D-MD
John Sarbanes D-MD
Anthony Gregory Brown D-MD
Steny Hamilton Hoyer D-MD
Elijah Eugene Cummings D-MD
Jamie Ben Raskin D-MD
Chellie Pingree D-ME
Jared Golden D-ME
John Bergman R-MI
Bill Huizenga R-MI
John Moolenaar R-MI
Dan Kildee D-MI
Frederick Stephen Upton R-MI
Tim Walberg R-MI
Elissa Slotkin D-MI
Andy Levin D-MI
Paul Mitchell R-MI
Haley Stevens D-MI
Debbie Dingell D-MI
Rashida Tlaib D-MI
Brenda L Lawrence D-MI
Jim Hagedorn R-MN
Angela Craig D-MN
Dean Phillips D-MN
Betty Mccollum D-MN
Ilhan Omar D-MN
Thomas Earl Emmer II R-MN
Collin Clark Peterson D-MN
Peter Stauber R-MN
William Lacy Clay Jr. D-MO
Ann Wagner R-MO
Blaine Luetkemeyer R-MO
Vicky Hartzler R-MO
Emanuel Cleaver II D-MO
Samuel Graves R-MO
Billy Long R-MO
Jason Smith R-MO
Trent Kelly R-MS
Michael Guest R-MS
Steven Palazzo R-MS
Greg Gianforte R-MT
George Kenneth Butterfield Jr. (G.K.) D-NC
George E.B. Holding R-NC
David Eugene Price D-NC
Bradley Mark Walker R-NC
David Rouzer R-NC
Richard Hudson R-NC
Patrick T. Mchenry R-NC
Mark Meadows R-NC
Alma Adams D-NC
Theodore Paul Budd R-NC
Kelly Armstrong R-ND
Jeff Fortenberry R-NE
Donald J. Bacon R-NE
Adrian Smith R-NE
Chris Pappas D-NH
Ann McLane Kuster D-NH
Donald Norcross D-NJ
Jefferson Van Drew D-NJ
Andy Kim D-NJ
Christopher Henry Smith R-NJ
Josh S. Gottheimer D-NJ
Frank Pallone Jr. D-NJ
Tomaz Malinowski D-NJ
Albio Sires D-NJ
William J. Pascrell Jr. D-NJ
Donald Payne Jr. D-NJ
Mikie Sherrill D-NJ
Bonnie Watson Coleman D-NJ
Debra Haaland D-NM
Xochitl Torres Small D-NM
Ben Ray Luján D-NM
Alice (Dina) Titus D-NV
Mark E. Amodei R-NV
Susie Lee D-NV
Steven Horsford D-NV
Lee M Zeldin R-NY
Peter T. King R-NY
Thomas Suozzi D-NY
Kathleen Maura Rice D-NY
Gregory W. Meeks D-NY
Grace Meng D-NY
Nydia M. Velázquez D-NY
Hakeem Jeffries D-NY
Yvette Diane Clarke D-NY
Jerrold Lewis Nadler D-NY
Max Rose D-NY
Carolyn Bosher Maloney D-NY
Adriano J. Espaillat D-NY
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez D-NY
José E. Serrano D-NY
Eliot Lance Engel D-NY
Sean Patrick Maloney D-NY
Antonio Delgado D-NY
Paul Tonko D-NY
Elise M. Stefanik R-NY
Thomas W. Reed II R-NY
Brian Higgins D-NY
Chris Collins R-NY
Steve Chabot R-OH
Brad Wenstrup R-OH
Joyce Beatty D-OH
Jim Jordan R-OH
Robert E. Latta R-OH
Bill Johnson R-OH
Bob Gibbs R-OH
Warren Davidson R-OH
Marcia Carolyn (Marcy) Kaptur D-OH
Michael R. Turner R-OH
Marcia L. Fudge D-OH
Troy Balderson R-OH
Timothy J. Ryan D-OH
David Joyce R-OH
Steve Stivers R-OH
Anthony Gonzalez R-OH
Markwayne Mullin R-OK
Frank D. Lucas R-OK
Tom Cole R-OK
Greg Walden R-OR
Earl Blumenauer D-OR
Brian K. Fitzpatrick R-PA
Brendan Francis Boyle D-PA
Dwight Evans D-PA
Madeleine Dean D-PA
Mary Gay Scanlon D-PA
Christina Houlahan D-PA
Susan Wild D-PA
Matt Cartwright D-PA
Dan Meuser R-PA
Scott Perry R-PA
Lloyd K. Smucker R-PA
John Joyce R-PA
Guy Reschenthaler R-PA
Glenn Thompson R-PA
Mike Kelly R-PA
Conor Lamb D-PA
Michael F. Doyle D-PA
David N. Cicilline D-RI
James Langevin D-RI
Joe Cunningham D-SC
Joe Wilson R-SC
Jeff Duncan R-SC
William Timmons R-SC
Ralph Norman R-SC
James Enos Clyburn D-SC
Dustin (Dusty) Johnson R-SD
David P. (Phil) Roe R-TN
Timothy Burchett R-TN
Chuck Fleischmann R-TN
Scott Desjarlais R-TN
James Hayes Shofner Cooper D-TN
John Rose R-TN
Mark E. Green R-TN
David Kustoff R-TN
Daniel Crenshaw R-TX
Nicholas Taylor R-TX
John Ratcliffe R-TX
Lance Gooden R-TX
Ron Wright R-TX
Elizabeth Fletcher D-TX
Kevin Patrick Brady R-TX
Al Green D-TX
Michael T. Mccaul R-TX
K. Michael Conaway R-TX
Kay Granger R-TX
William McClellan (Mac) Thornberry R-TX
Randy Weber R-TX
Vicente Gonzalez Jr. D-TX
Veronica Escobar D-TX
Bill Flores R-TX
Sheila Jackson Lee D-TX
Jodey Cook Arrington R-TX
Joaquin Castro D-TX
Pete Olson R-TX
William Ballard Hurd R-TX
Kenny Marchant R-TX
Roger Williams R-TX
Michael C. Burgess R-TX
Michael Cloud R-TX
Henry Cuellar D-TX
Sylvia Garcia D-TX
Eddie Bernice Johnson D-TX
John R. Carter R-TX
Colin Allred D-TX
Marc Veasey D-TX
Filemon Vela D-TX
Lloyd Alton Doggett II D-TX
Robert (Rob) Bishop R-UT
Chris Stewart R-UT
John R. Curtis R-UT
Ben Mcadams D-UT
Robert J. Wittman R-VA
Elaine Luria D-VA
Robert C. Scott D-VA
Aston Donald Mceachin D-VA
Denver Riggleman R-VA
Abigail Spanberger D-VA
Donald Sternoff Jr. Beyer D-VA
Jennifer Wexton D-VA
Gerald E. (Gerry) Connolly D-VA
Peter Welch D-VT
Suzan K. Delbene D-WA
Richard Ray (Rick) Larsen D-WA
Daniel Milton Newhouse R-WA
Cathy Mcmorris Rodgers R-WA
Derek Kilmer D-WA
Pramila Jayapal D-WA
Kim Schrier D-WA
Denny Heck D-WA
Bryan Steil R-WI
Ron Kind D-WI
Gwendolynne S. (Gwen) Moore D-WI
Frank James Sensenbrenner Jr. R-WI
Sean Duffy R-WI
Michael Gallagher R-WI
David Mckinley R-WV
Alex X. Mooney R-WV
Carol Miller R-WV
Liz Cheney R-WY

How each representative voted: No

Did not vote

Other votes

From Voteview roll call records.

Cite or embed this page

Capitol Receipts, “Innovators to Entrepreneurs Act: House Vote, Feb 25, 2019,” https://www.capitolreceipts.com/vote/116-H-87/innovators-to-entrepreneurs-act (accessed 2026-10-15).