Senate roll call 481 · 103rd Congress · Mar 26, 1994
A bill to improve learning and teaching by providing a national framework for education reform; to promote the research, consensus building, and systemic change
On Mar 26, 1994, the Senate voted 63–22 on “On the Conference Report” (HR 1804). Result: Conference Report Agreed to. By party: Democrats 53–1, Republicans 10–21. It was a split vote: the parties took opposite sides, with some members crossing over. 11 members voted against their own party.
During the 103rd Congress (1993–1994), Bill Clinton was president, and Democrats held majorities in both the House and Senate.
- Result
- Conference Report Agreed to
- Yes
- 63
- No
- 22
- Did not vote
- 17
- Date
- Mar 26, 1994
By party
- Republicans10 yes · 21 no · 14 didn’t vote
- Democrats53 yes · 1 no · 3 didn’t vote
Who broke with their party
- William Victor Roth Jr. R-DE voted yes
- David Ferdinand Durenberger R-MN voted yes
- Christopher Samuel (Kit) Bond R-MO voted yes
- Pete Vichi Domenici R-NM voted yes
- Mark Odom Hatfield R-OR voted yes
- Robert William Packwood R-OR voted yes
- Arlen Specter R-PA voted yes
- John Hubbard Chafee R-RI voted yes
- James Merrill Jeffords R-VT voted yes
- Thomas Slade Gorton III (Slade) R-WA voted yes
- Robert Carlyle Byrd D-WV voted no
The bill
How each senator voted: Yes
- Howell Thomas Heflin D-AL
- Richard C. Shelby D-AL
- Dale Bumpers D-AR
- David Hampton Pryor D-AR
- Dennis Webster Deconcini D-AZ
- Barbara Boxer D-CA
- Dianne Feinstein D-CA
- Ben Nighthorse Campbell D-CO
- Christopher John Dodd D-CT
- Joseph Robinette (Joe) Biden Jr. D-DE
- William Victor Roth Jr. R-DE
- Daniel Robert (Bob) Graham D-FL
- Samuel Augustus Nunn D-GA
- Daniel Kahikina Akaka D-HI
- Daniel Ken Inouye D-HI
- Thomas Richard (Tom) Harkin D-IA
- Carol Moseley Braun D-IL
- Paul Martin Simon D-IL
- Wendell Hampton Ford D-KY
- John Bennett Johnston Jr. D-LA
- John Berlinger Breaux D-LA
- Edward Moore (Ted) Kennedy D-MA
- John Forbes Kerry D-MA
- Barbara Ann Mikulski D-MD
- Paul Spyros Sarbanes D-MD
- George John Mitchell D-ME
- Carl Levin D-MI
- Donald Wayne Riegle Jr. D-MI
- David Ferdinand Durenberger R-MN
- Paul David Wellstone D-MN
- Christopher Samuel (Kit) Bond R-MO
- Max Sieben Baucus D-MT
- Byron Leslie Dorgan D-ND
- Kent Conrad D-ND
- J. James Exon D-NE
- J. Robert Kerrey D-NE
- Frank Raleigh Lautenberg D-NJ
- William Warren (Bill) Bradley D-NJ
- Jesse Francis (Jeff) Bingaman Jr. D-NM
- Pete Vichi Domenici R-NM
- Harry Reid D-NV
- Richard H Bryan D-NV
- Daniel Patrick Moynihan D-NY
- Howard Morton Metzenbaum D-OH
- John Herschel Glenn Jr. D-OH
- David Lyle Boren D-OK
- Mark Odom Hatfield R-OR
- Robert William Packwood R-OR
- Arlen Specter R-PA
- Harris Wofford D-PA
- Claiborne de Borda Pell D-RI
- John Hubbard Chafee R-RI
- Thomas Andrew Daschle D-SD
- Harlan Mathews D-TN
- James Ralph Sasser D-TN
- Charles Spittal Robb D-VA
- James Merrill Jeffords R-VT
- Patrick Joseph Leahy D-VT
- Patty Murray D-WA
- Thomas Slade Gorton III (Slade) R-WA
- Herbert H. Kohl D-WI
- Russell Dana Feingold D-WI
- John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV D-WV
How each senator voted: No
- George Hanks (Hank) Brown R-CO
- Connie Mack III R-FL
- Paul Coverdell R-GA
- Charles Ernest Grassley R-IA
- Dirk Kempthorne R-ID
- Larry Edwin Craig R-ID
- Daniel Ray Coats R-IN
- Richard Green Lugar R-IN
- Nancy Landon Kassebaum R-KS
- Robert Joseph (Bob) Dole R-KS
- Addison Mitchell (Mitch) Mcconnell R-KY
- John Claggett Danforth R-MO
- William Thad Cochran R-MS
- Conrad Burns R-MT
- Alfonse Marcello D'Amato R-NY
- Donald Lee Nickles R-OK
- James Strom Thurmond R-SC
- Larry Lee Pressler R-SD
- Kathryn Ann Bailey (Kay) Hutchison R-TX
- Orrin Grant Hatch R-UT
- John William Warner R-VA
- Robert Carlyle Byrd D-WV
Did not vote
- Frank Hughes Murkowski R-AK
- Theodore Fulton (Ted) Stevens R-AK
- John Sidney Mccain III R-AZ
- Joseph I. Lieberman D-CT
- William Sebastian Cohen R-ME
- Chester Trent Lott R-MS
- Duncan McLauchlin (Lauch) Faircloth R-NC
- Jesse Helms R-NC
- Judd Alan Gregg R-NH
- Robert C. Smith R-NH
- James Mountain Inhofe R-OK
- Ernest Frederick (Fritz) Hollings D-SC
- Robert Charles Krueger D-TX
- William Philip (Phil) Gramm R-TX
- Robert Foster (Bob) Bennett R-UT
- Alan Kooi Simpson R-WY
- Malcolm Wallop R-WY
Other votes
From Voteview roll call records.
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Capitol Receipts, “A bill to improve learning and teaching by…: Senate Vote, Mar 26, 1994,” https://www.capitolreceipts.com/vote/103-S-481/a-bill-to-improve-learning-and-teaching-by-providing (accessed 2026-10-15).