Senate roll call 478 · 103rd Congress · Mar 25, 1994
A bill to improve learning and teaching by providing a national framework for education reform; to promote the research, consensus building, and systemic change
On Mar 25, 1994, the Senate voted 83–12 on “On the Motion to Proceed” (HR 1804). Result: Motion to Proceed Agreed to. By party: Democrats 55–0, Republicans 28–12. It was a bipartisan vote: majorities of both parties voted yes. 12 members voted against their own party.
During the 103rd Congress (1993–1994), Bill Clinton was president, and Democrats held majorities in both the House and Senate.
- Result
- Motion to Proceed Agreed to
- Yes
- 83
- No
- 12
- Did not vote
- 7
- Date
- Mar 25, 1994
By party
- Republicans28 yes · 12 no · 5 didn’t vote
- Democrats55 yes · 0 no · 2 didn’t vote
Who broke with their party
- Paul Coverdell R-GA voted no
- Dirk Kempthorne R-ID voted no
- Larry Edwin Craig R-ID voted no
- Daniel Ray Coats R-IN voted no
- Judd Alan Gregg R-NH voted no
- Robert C. Smith R-NH voted no
- Donald Lee Nickles R-OK voted no
- Robert William Packwood R-OR voted no
- James Strom Thurmond R-SC voted no
- Kathryn Ann Bailey (Kay) Hutchison R-TX voted no
- William Philip (Phil) Gramm R-TX voted no
- Orrin Grant Hatch R-UT voted no
The bill
How each senator voted: Yes
- Frank Hughes Murkowski R-AK
- Theodore Fulton (Ted) Stevens R-AK
- Howell Thomas Heflin D-AL
- Richard C. Shelby D-AL
- Dale Bumpers D-AR
- David Hampton Pryor D-AR
- Dennis Webster Deconcini D-AZ
- John Sidney Mccain III R-AZ
- Barbara Boxer D-CA
- Dianne Feinstein D-CA
- Ben Nighthorse Campbell D-CO
- George Hanks (Hank) Brown R-CO
- Christopher John Dodd D-CT
- Joseph I. Lieberman D-CT
- Joseph Robinette (Joe) Biden Jr. D-DE
- William Victor Roth Jr. R-DE
- Connie Mack III R-FL
- Daniel Robert (Bob) Graham D-FL
- Samuel Augustus Nunn D-GA
- Daniel Kahikina Akaka D-HI
- Daniel Ken Inouye D-HI
- Charles Ernest Grassley R-IA
- Thomas Richard (Tom) Harkin D-IA
- Carol Moseley Braun D-IL
- Paul Martin Simon D-IL
- Richard Green Lugar R-IN
- Nancy Landon Kassebaum R-KS
- Robert Joseph (Bob) Dole R-KS
- Addison Mitchell (Mitch) Mcconnell R-KY
- Wendell Hampton Ford D-KY
- John Bennett Johnston Jr. D-LA
- John Berlinger Breaux D-LA
- Edward Moore (Ted) Kennedy D-MA
- John Forbes Kerry D-MA
- Barbara Ann Mikulski D-MD
- Paul Spyros Sarbanes D-MD
- George John Mitchell D-ME
- Carl Levin D-MI
- Donald Wayne Riegle Jr. D-MI
- David Ferdinand Durenberger R-MN
- Paul David Wellstone D-MN
- Christopher Samuel (Kit) Bond R-MO
- John Claggett Danforth R-MO
- William Thad Cochran R-MS
- Conrad Burns R-MT
- Max Sieben Baucus D-MT
- Duncan McLauchlin (Lauch) Faircloth R-NC
- Jesse Helms R-NC
- Byron Leslie Dorgan D-ND
- Kent Conrad D-ND
- J. James Exon D-NE
- J. Robert Kerrey D-NE
- Frank Raleigh Lautenberg D-NJ
- William Warren (Bill) Bradley D-NJ
- Jesse Francis (Jeff) Bingaman Jr. D-NM
- Pete Vichi Domenici R-NM
- Harry Reid D-NV
- Richard H Bryan D-NV
- Alfonse Marcello D'Amato R-NY
- Daniel Patrick Moynihan D-NY
- Howard Morton Metzenbaum D-OH
- John Herschel Glenn Jr. D-OH
- David Lyle Boren D-OK
- Mark Odom Hatfield R-OR
- Arlen Specter R-PA
- Harris Wofford D-PA
- Claiborne de Borda Pell D-RI
- Larry Lee Pressler R-SD
- Thomas Andrew Daschle D-SD
- Harlan Mathews D-TN
- James Ralph Sasser D-TN
- Robert Foster (Bob) Bennett R-UT
- Charles Spittal Robb D-VA
- John William Warner R-VA
- James Merrill Jeffords R-VT
- Patrick Joseph Leahy D-VT
- Patty Murray D-WA
- Thomas Slade Gorton III (Slade) R-WA
- Herbert H. Kohl D-WI
- Russell Dana Feingold D-WI
- John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV D-WV
- Robert Carlyle Byrd D-WV
- Alan Kooi Simpson R-WY
How each senator voted: No
- Paul Coverdell R-GA
- Dirk Kempthorne R-ID
- Larry Edwin Craig R-ID
- Daniel Ray Coats R-IN
- Judd Alan Gregg R-NH
- Robert C. Smith R-NH
- Donald Lee Nickles R-OK
- Robert William Packwood R-OR
- James Strom Thurmond R-SC
- Kathryn Ann Bailey (Kay) Hutchison R-TX
- William Philip (Phil) Gramm R-TX
- Orrin Grant Hatch R-UT
Did not vote
Other votes
From Voteview roll call records.
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Capitol Receipts, “A bill to improve learning and teaching by…: Senate Vote, Mar 25, 1994,” https://www.capitolreceipts.com/vote/103-S-478/a-bill-to-improve-learning-and-teaching-by-providing (accessed 2026-10-15).