House roll call 689 · 103rd Congress · Mar 24, 1994
Elementary and secondary education act reauthorizations
On Mar 24, 1994, the House voted 289–128 on “On Passage” (HR 6). Result: Passed. By party: Democrats 243–4, Republicans 45–124, Independents 1–0. It was a split vote: the parties took opposite sides, with some members crossing over. 49 members voted against their own party.
During the 103rd Congress (1993–1994), Bill Clinton was president, and Democrats held majorities in both the House and Senate.
- Result
- Passed
- Yes
- 289
- No
- 128
- Did not vote
- 29
- Date
- Mar 24, 1994
By party
- Republicans45 yes · 124 no · 11 didn’t vote
- Democrats243 yes · 4 no · 18 didn’t vote
- Independents1 yes · 0 no
Who broke with their party
- William Marshall Thomas R-CA voted yes
- Michael Huffington R-CA voted yes
- John Stephen (Steve) Horn R-CA voted yes
- Christopher H. Shays R-CT voted yes
- Gary A. Franks R-CT voted yes
- Nancy Lee Johnson R-CT voted yes
- Michael Newbold Castle R-DE voted yes
- Tillie Kidd Fowler R-FL voted yes
- Michael Bilirakis R-FL voted yes
- Charles William (Bill) Young R-FL voted yes
- Ileana Ros-Lehtinen R-FL voted yes
- Lincoln Diaz-Balart R-FL voted yes
- Eugene Clay Shaw Jr. R-FL voted yes
- James Albert Smith Leach R-IA voted yes
- John Edward Porter R-IL voted yes
- Harris W. Fawell R-IL voted yes
- Jan Meyers R-KS voted yes
- Wilbert Joseph (Billy) Tauzin D-LA voted no
- James Allison Hayes D-LA voted no
- Peter I. Blute R-MA voted yes
- Peter Gerard Torkildsen R-MA voted yes
- Wayne Thomas Gilchrest R-MD voted yes
- Helen Delich Bentley R-MD voted yes
- Constance A. Morella R-MD voted yes
- Olympia Jean Snowe R-ME voted yes
- Frederick Stephen Upton R-MI voted yes
- James (Jim) Ramstad R-MN voted yes
- Hugh James Saxton R-NJ voted yes
- Margaret Scafati Roukema R-NJ voted yes
- Enrico A. (Rick) Lazio R-NY voted yes
- Susan Molinari R-NY voted yes
- Hamilton Fish Jr. R-NY voted yes
- Benjamin Arthur Gilman R-NY voted yes
- Sherwood Louis Boehlert R-NY voted yes
- James T. Walsh R-NY voted yes
- John Francis (Jack) Quinn R-NY voted yes
- Amory Houghton Jr. R-NY voted yes
- Paul Eugene Gillmor R-OH voted yes
- Wayne Curtis (Curt) Weldon R-PA voted yes
- James Charles Greenwood R-PA voted yes
- Joseph Michael Mcdade R-PA voted yes
- William Franklin Goodling R-PA voted yes
- Ronald K. Machtley R-RI voted yes
- Ralph Moody Hall D-TX voted no
- Charles Walter Stenholm D-TX voted no
- Herbert Harvell Bateman R-VA voted yes
- Scott L. Klug R-WI voted yes
- Steven Craig Gunderson R-WI voted yes
- Thomas Evert Petri R-WI voted yes
The bill
How each representative voted: Yes
- John Glen Browder D-AL
- Tom Bevill D-AL
- Robert E. (Bud) Cramer Jr. D-AL
- Earl Frederick Hilliard D-AL
- Blanche Lambert Lincoln D-AR
- Raymond Hoyt (Ray) Thornton Jr. D-AR
- Samuel G. Coppersmith D-AZ
- Ed Pastor D-AZ
- Karan English D-AZ
- Daniel Hamburg D-CA
- Victor Herbert Fazio Jr. D-CA
- Robert T. Matsui D-CA
- Lynn C. Woolsey D-CA
- George Miller D-CA
- Nancy Pelosi D-CA
- Ronald V. Dellums D-CA
- Thomas Peter Lantos D-CA
- Fortney Hillman (Pete) Stark Jr. D-CA
- Anna Georges Eshoo D-CA
- Norman Y. Mineta D-CA
- William Donlon (Don) Edwards D-CA
- Sam Farr D-CA
- Gary Adrian Condit D-CA
- Richard Henry Lehman D-CA
- Calvin M. Dooley D-CA
- William Marshall Thomas R-CA
- Michael Huffington R-CA
- Anthony Charles Beilenson D-CA
- Howard Lawrence Berman D-CA
- Henry Arnold Waxman D-CA
- Xavier Becerra D-CA
- Matthew G. Martínez D-CA
- Julian Carey Dixon D-CA
- Lucille Roybal-Allard D-CA
- Esteban Edward Torres D-CA
- Maxine Waters D-CA
- Jane L. Harman D-CA
- Walter R. Tucker III D-CA
- John Stephen (Steve) Horn R-CA
- George Edward Brown Jr. D-CA
- Lynn Schenk D-CA
- Bob Filner D-CA
- Patricia Scott Schroeder D-CO
- David Evans Skaggs D-CO
- Barbara Bailey Kennelly D-CT
- Samuel Gejdenson D-CT
- Rosa L. Delauro D-CT
- Christopher H. Shays R-CT
- Gary A. Franks R-CT
- Nancy Lee Johnson R-CT
- Michael Newbold Castle R-DE
- Earl Dewitt Hutto D-FL
- Douglas Brian (Pete) Peterson D-FL
- Corrine Brown D-FL
- Tillie Kidd Fowler R-FL
- Karen L. Thurman D-FL
- Michael Bilirakis R-FL
- Charles William (Bill) Young R-FL
- Sam Melville Gibbons D-FL
- James Bacchus D-FL
- Carrie P. Meek D-FL
- Ileana Ros-Lehtinen R-FL
- Harry A. Johnston II D-FL
- Peter R. Deutsch D-FL
- Lincoln Diaz-Balart R-FL
- Eugene Clay Shaw Jr. R-FL
- Alcee Lamar Hastings D-FL
- Sanford Dixon Bishop Jr. D-GA
- John R. Lewis D-GA
- George (Buddy) Darden D-GA
- James Roy Rowland Jr. D-GA
- John Nathan Deal D-GA
- Clete Donald Johnson Jr. (Don) D-GA
- Cynthia Ann Mckinney D-GA
- Neil Abercrombie D-HI
- Patsy Takemoto Mink D-HI
- James Albert Smith Leach R-IA
- Neal Edward Smith D-IA
- Larry Larocco D-ID
- Bobby L. Rush D-IL
- Mel Reynolds D-IL
- William Oliver Lipinski D-IL
- Luis V. Gutiérrez D-IL
- Daniel David Rostenkowski D-IL
- Cardiss Collins D-IL
- Sidney Richard Yates D-IL
- John Edward Porter R-IL
- George Edward Sangmeister D-IL
- Jerry Francis Costello D-IL
- Harris W. Fawell R-IL
- Lane Allen Evans D-IL
- Glenn Poshard D-IL
- Richard Joseph Durbin D-IL
- Peter Visclosky D-IN
- Philip Riley Sharp D-IN
- Timothy John Roemer D-IN
- Jill Lynette Long D-IN
- Francis Xavier Mccloskey D-IN
- Lee Herbert Hamilton D-IN
- Andrew Jacobs Jr. D-IN
- James Charles Slattery D-KS
- Jan Meyers R-KS
- Daniel Robert Glickman D-KS
- Thomas J. Barlow III D-KY
- Romano Louis Mazzoli D-KY
- Henry Scott (Scotty) Baesler D-KY
- William Jennings Jefferson D-LA
- Cleo Fields D-LA
- John Walter Olver D-MA
- Richard Edmund Neal D-MA
- Peter I. Blute R-MA
- Barney Frank D-MA
- Martin Thomas Meehan D-MA
- Peter Gerard Torkildsen R-MA
- Edward John Markey D-MA
- Joseph Patrick Kennedy II D-MA
- John Joseph Moakley D-MA
- Gerry Eastman Studds D-MA
- Wayne Thomas Gilchrest R-MD
- Helen Delich Bentley R-MD
- Albert Russell Wynn D-MD
- Steny Hamilton Hoyer D-MD
- Kweisi Mfume D-MD
- Constance A. Morella R-MD
- Thomas Hiram Andrews D-ME
- Olympia Jean Snowe R-ME
- Bart T. Stupak D-MI
- James A. Barcia D-MI
- Frederick Stephen Upton R-MI
- Milton Robert (Bob) Carr D-MI
- Dale Edward Kildee D-MI
- David Edward Bonior D-MI
- Sander Martin Levin D-MI
- William David Ford D-MI
- John Conyers Jr. D-MI
- Barbara-Rose Collins D-MI
- John David Dingell Jr. D-MI
- Timothy Joseph Penny D-MN
- David R. Minge D-MN
- James (Jim) Ramstad R-MN
- Bruce Frank Vento D-MN
- Martin Olav Sabo D-MN
- Collin Clark Peterson D-MN
- James Louis Oberstar D-MN
- William Lacy Clay Sr. D-MO
- Richard Andrew Gephardt D-MO
- Isaac Newton Skelton IV (Ike) D-MO
- Alan Dupree Wheat D-MO
- Patsy Ann (Pat) Danner D-MO
- Harold Lee Volkmer D-MO
- Bennie Thompson D-MS
- Gillespie V. (Sonny) Montgomery D-MS
- Michael (Mike) Parker D-MS
- Gary Eugene (Gene) Taylor D-MS
- John Patrick Williams D-MT
- Eva M. Clayton D-NC
- Itimous Thaddeus (Tim) Valentine Jr. D-NC
- H. Martin Lancaster D-NC
- David Eugene Price D-NC
- Stephen Lybrook Neal D-NC
- Charles Grandison Rose III D-NC
- Willie Gathrel (Bill) Hefner D-NC
- Melvin L. Watt D-NC
- Earl Ralph Pomeroy III D-ND
- Peter J. Hoagland D-NE
- Richard Swett D-NH
- Robert Ernest Andrews D-NJ
- William John Hughes D-NJ
- Hugh James Saxton R-NJ
- Margaret Scafati Roukema R-NJ
- Frank Pallone Jr. D-NJ
- Herbert C. Klein D-NJ
- Donald Milford Payne D-NJ
- Robert Menendez D-NJ
- Bill Richardson D-NM
- James Hubert Bilbray D-NV
- George Joseph Hochbrueckner D-NY
- Enrico A. (Rick) Lazio R-NY
- Gary Leonard Ackerman D-NY
- Floyd Harold Flake D-NY
- Thomas J. Manton D-NY
- Jerrold Lewis Nadler D-NY
- Charles Ellis (Chuck) Schumer D-NY
- Edolphus Towns D-NY
- Major Robert Odell Owens D-NY
- Nydia M. Velázquez D-NY
- Susan Molinari R-NY
- Carolyn Bosher Maloney D-NY
- Charles B. Rangel D-NY
- José E. Serrano D-NY
- Eliot Lance Engel D-NY
- Nita M. Lowey D-NY
- Hamilton Fish Jr. R-NY
- Benjamin Arthur Gilman R-NY
- Michael Robert Mcnulty D-NY
- Sherwood Louis Boehlert R-NY
- James T. Walsh R-NY
- Maurice Dunlea Hinchey D-NY
- Louise McIntosh Slaughter D-NY
- John Francis (Jack) Quinn R-NY
- Amory Houghton Jr. R-NY
- David Scott Mann D-OH
- Tony Patrick Hall D-OH
- Paul Eugene Gillmor R-OH
- Ted Strickland D-OH
- Marcia Carolyn (Marcy) Kaptur D-OH
- Louis Stokes D-OH
- Sherrod Brown D-OH
- Thomas Charles Sawyer D-OH
- James A. Traficant Jr. D-OH
- Douglas Earl Applegate D-OH
- Eric D. Fingerhut D-OH
- Michael Lynn Synar D-OK
- William K. Brewster D-OK
- David Keith Mccurdy D-OK
- Elizabeth Furse D-OR
- Ronald Lee Wyden D-OR
- Peter Anthony Defazio D-OR
- Michael J. Kopetski D-OR
- Thomas Michael Foglietta D-PA
- Lucien Edward Blackwell D-PA
- Robert Anthony Borski Jr. D-PA
- Ronald Klink D-PA
- Thomas Timothy (Tim) Holden D-PA
- Wayne Curtis (Curt) Weldon R-PA
- James Charles Greenwood R-PA
- Joseph Michael Mcdade R-PA
- Paul E. Kanjorski D-PA
- John Patrick Murtha Jr. D-PA
- Marjorie Margolies-Mezvinsky D-PA
- William Joseph Coyne D-PA
- Paul F. Mchale Jr. D-PA
- William Franklin Goodling R-PA
- Austin John Murphy D-PA
- Ronald K. Machtley R-RI
- John F. (Jack) Reed D-RI
- John McKee Spratt Jr. D-SC
- James Enos Clyburn D-SC
- Timothy Peter (Tim) Johnson D-SD
- Marilyn Laird Lloyd D-TN
- James Hayes Shofner Cooper D-TN
- Robert Nelson Clement D-TN
- Barton Jennings Gordon D-TN
- John S. Tanner D-TN
- Jim Chapman D-TX
- Charles Wilson D-TX
- John Wiley Bryant D-TX
- Jack Bascom Brooks D-TX
- Thomas Chester (Chet) Edwards D-TX
- Preston M. (Pete) Geren D-TX
- William Sarpalius D-TX
- Gregory H. Laughlin D-TX
- Eligio De La Garza II (Kika) D-TX
- Ronald D'Emory Coleman D-TX
- Henry B. González D-TX
- Jonas Martin Frost D-TX
- Michael Allen Andrews D-TX
- Solomon P. Ortiz D-TX
- Frank Tejeda D-TX
- Raymond Eugene (Gene) Green D-TX
- Eddie Bernice Johnson D-TX
- Karen Shepherd D-UT
- William Orton D-UT
- Herbert Harvell Bateman R-VA
- Owen Bradford Pickett D-VA
- Robert C. Scott D-VA
- Norman Sisisky D-VA
- Lewis Franklin Payne Jr. D-VA
- James P. Moran D-VA
- Frederick C. Boucher D-VA
- Leslie Larkin Byrne D-VA
- Bernard Sanders I-VT
- Maria E. Cantwell D-WA
- Allan Byron Swift D-WA
- Jolene Unsoeld D-WA
- Jay Robert Inslee D-WA
- Norman DeValois Dicks D-WA
- James A. Mcdermott D-WA
- Myron Bradford (Mike) Kreidler D-WA
- Peter William Barca D-WI
- Scott L. Klug R-WI
- Steven Craig Gunderson R-WI
- Gerald Daniel Kleczka D-WI
- Thomas M. Barrett D-WI
- Thomas Evert Petri R-WI
- David Ross Obey D-WI
- Alan Bowlby Mollohan D-WV
- Robert Ellsworth Wise Jr. D-WV
- Nick Joe Rahall II D-WV
How each representative voted: No
- Donald Edwin Young R-AK
- Herbert Leon (Sonny) Callahan R-AL
- Robert Terry Everett R-AL
- Spencer T. Bachus III R-AL
- Timothy Hutchinson R-AR
- Jay W. Dickey Jr. R-AR
- Robert Lee Stump R-AZ
- Jon Llewellyn Kyl R-AZ
- James Thomas Kolbe R-AZ
- Walter William (Wally) Herger R-CA
- John Taylor Doolittle R-CA
- William P. Baker R-CA
- Richard William Pombo R-CA
- Howard P. (Buck) Mckeon R-CA
- Carlos John Moorhead R-CA
- David Timothy Dreier R-CA
- Edward Randall Royce R-CA
- Charles Jeremy (Jerry) Lewis R-CA
- Jay C. Kim R-CA
- Ken Calvert R-CA
- Alfred A. Mccandless R-CA
- Dana Rohrabacher R-CA
- Robert Kenneth Dornan R-CA
- Charles Christopher Cox R-CA
- Ronald C. Packard R-CA
- Randall (Duke) Cunningham R-CA
- Duncan Lee Hunter R-CA
- Scott Mcinnis R-CO
- A. Wayne Allard R-CO
- Joel M. Hefley R-CO
- Daniel Schaefer R-CO
- Clifford Bundy Stearns R-FL
- John L. Mica R-FL
- Ira William Mccollum Jr. (Bill) R-FL
- Charles Terrance Canady R-FL
- Daniel Miller R-FL
- Porter J. Goss R-FL
- Jack Kingston R-GA
- Michael Allen (Mac) Collins R-GA
- John Elmer Linder R-GA
- Newton Leroy Gingrich R-GA
- James Allen Nussle R-IA
- James Ross Lightfoot R-IA
- Michael Dean Crapo R-ID
- Henry John Hyde R-IL
- Philip Miller Crane R-IL
- John Dennis Hastert R-IL
- Thomas W. Ewing R-IL
- Donald A. Manzullo R-IL
- Robert Henry Michel R-IL
- Stephen Earle Buyer R-IN
- Danny Lee Burton R-IN
- John Thomas Myers R-IN
- Charles Patrick (Pat) Roberts R-KS
- James Paul David Bunning R-KY
- Harold Dallas (Hal) Rogers R-KY
- Robert Linlithgow Livingston Jr. R-LA
- Wilbert Joseph (Billy) Tauzin D-LA
- James O. Mccrery III R-LA
- Richard Hugh Baker R-LA
- James Allison Hayes D-LA
- Roscoe Gardner Bartlett R-MD
- Peter Hoekstra R-MI
- Vernon James Ehlers R-MI
- David Lee Camp R-MI
- Nick H. Smith R-MI
- Joseph Knollenberg R-MI
- Rod Grams R-MN
- James Matthes Talent R-MO
- Melton D. (Mel) Hancock R-MO
- Norvell William (Bill) Emerson R-MO
- Howard Coble R-NC
- Cass Ballenger R-NC
- Charles Hart Taylor R-NC
- Douglas Kent Bereuter R-NE
- William E. Barrett R-NE
- William H. Zeliff Jr. R-NH
- Christopher Henry Smith R-NJ
- Robert Douglas Franks R-NJ
- Richard Zimmer R-NJ
- Steven Harvey Schiff R-NM
- Joseph Richard Skeen R-NM
- Barbara Farrell Vucanovich R-NV
- Peter T. King R-NY
- David A. Levy R-NY
- Gerald Brooks Hunt Solomon R-NY
- John Michael Mchugh R-NY
- L. William Paxon R-NY
- Robert Jones (Rob) Portman R-OH
- Michael Garver Oxley R-OH
- David Lee Hobson R-OH
- John Andrew Boehner R-OH
- Martin R. Hoke R-OH
- John Richard Kasich R-OH
- Deborah D. Pryce R-OH
- Ralph Straus Regula R-OH
- James Mountain Inhofe R-OK
- Ernest James Istook Jr. R-OK
- Robert Freeman Smith R-OR
- William Floyd Clinger Jr. R-PA
- E. G. (Bud) Shuster R-PA
- Robert Smith Walker R-PA
- George William Gekas R-PA
- Richard John (Rick) Santorum R-PA
- Thomas Joseph Ridge R-PA
- Arthur Ravenel Jr. R-SC
- Floyd Davidson Spence R-SC
- Robert Durden Inglis R-SC
- James Henry Quillen R-TN
- John J. Duncan Jr. R-TN
- Donald Kenneth Sundquist R-TN
- Sam Johnson R-TX
- Ralph Moody Hall D-TX
- William Reynolds Archer Jr. R-TX
- Jack Milton Fields Jr. R-TX
- Charles Walter Stenholm D-TX
- Larry Ed Combest R-TX
- Thomas Dale Delay R-TX
- Henry Bonilla R-TX
- Richard Keith Armey R-TX
- James Vear Hansen R-UT
- Robert William Goodlatte R-VA
- Thomas Jerome Bliley Jr. R-VA
- Frank Rudolph Wolf R-VA
- Jennifer Blackburn Dunn R-WA
- Toby A. Roth R-WI
- Frank James Sensenbrenner Jr. R-WI
- Craig Lyle Thomas R-WY
Did not vote
- Eni F. H. Faleomavaega D-AS
- Leon Edward Panetta D-CA
- Elton W. Gallegly R-CA
- Eleanor Holmes Norton D-DC
- Thomas F. Lewis R-FL
- Robert A. Underwood D-GU
- Frederick Lawrence Grandy R-IA
- Ron Lewis R-KY
- William Huston Natcher D-KY
- Benjamin Louis Cardin D-MD
- Paul B. Henry R-MI
- Jamie Lloyd Whitten D-MS
- Alphonso Michael (Mike) Espy D-MS
- John Alexander Mcmillan III (Alex) R-NC
- Robert Guy Torricelli D-NJ
- Dean Anderson Gallo R-NJ
- John Joseph Lafalce D-NY
- Willis David Gradison Jr. R-OH
- Frank D. Lucas R-OK
- Glenn Lee English Jr. D-OK
- Carlos A. Romero-Barceló D-PR
- Butler Carson Derrick Jr. D-SC
- Harold Eugene Ford D-TN
- Joe Linus Barton R-TX
- James Jarrell (Jake) Pickle D-TX
- Craig Anthony Washington D-TX
- Lamar Seeligson Smith R-TX
- Ron De Lugo D-VI
- Thomas Stephen Foley D-WA
Other votes
From Voteview roll call records.
Cite or embed this page
Capitol Receipts, “Elementary and secondary education act…: House Vote, Mar 24, 1994,” https://www.capitolreceipts.com/vote/103-H-689/elementary-and-secondary-education-act-reauthorizations (accessed 2026-10-16).