Senate roll call 12 · 102nd Congress · Feb 20, 1991
To substitute a mandatory term of life imprisonment.
On Feb 20, 1991, the Senate voted 25–72 on “On the Amendment” (S 320). Result: Amendment Rejected. By party: Democrats 20–34, Republicans 5–38. It was a bipartisan vote: majorities of both parties voted no. 25 members voted against their own party.
During the 102nd Congress (1991–1992), George H. W. Bush was president, and Democrats held majorities in both the House and Senate.
- Result
- Amendment Rejected
- Yes
- 25
- No
- 72
- Did not vote
- 5
- Date
- Feb 20, 1991
By party
- Republicans5 yes · 38 no · 1 didn’t vote
- Democrats20 yes · 34 no · 4 didn’t vote
Who broke with their party
- Daniel Kahikina Akaka D-HI voted yes
- Thomas Richard (Tom) Harkin D-IA voted yes
- Paul Martin Simon D-IL voted yes
- Edward Moore (Ted) Kennedy D-MA voted yes
- John Forbes Kerry D-MA voted yes
- Paul Spyros Sarbanes D-MD voted yes
- George John Mitchell D-ME voted yes
- William Sebastian Cohen R-ME voted yes
- Carl Levin D-MI voted yes
- David Ferdinand Durenberger R-MN voted yes
- Paul David Wellstone D-MN voted yes
- John Claggett Danforth R-MO voted yes
- (James) Terry Sanford D-NC voted yes
- Quentin Northrup Burdick D-ND voted yes
- Frank Raleigh Lautenberg D-NJ voted yes
- Daniel Patrick Moynihan D-NY voted yes
- Howard Morton Metzenbaum D-OH voted yes
- John Herschel Glenn Jr. D-OH voted yes
- Mark Odom Hatfield R-OR voted yes
- Claiborne de Borda Pell D-RI voted yes
- John Hubbard Chafee R-RI voted yes
- Albert Arnold Gore Jr. D-TN voted yes
- James Ralph Sasser D-TN voted yes
- Patrick Joseph Leahy D-VT voted yes
- Herbert H. Kohl D-WI voted yes
How each senator voted: Yes
- Daniel Kahikina Akaka D-HI
- Thomas Richard (Tom) Harkin D-IA
- Paul Martin Simon D-IL
- Edward Moore (Ted) Kennedy D-MA
- John Forbes Kerry D-MA
- Paul Spyros Sarbanes D-MD
- George John Mitchell D-ME
- William Sebastian Cohen R-ME
- Carl Levin D-MI
- David Ferdinand Durenberger R-MN
- Paul David Wellstone D-MN
- John Claggett Danforth R-MO
- (James) Terry Sanford D-NC
- Quentin Northrup Burdick D-ND
- Frank Raleigh Lautenberg D-NJ
- Daniel Patrick Moynihan D-NY
- Howard Morton Metzenbaum D-OH
- John Herschel Glenn Jr. D-OH
- Mark Odom Hatfield R-OR
- Claiborne de Borda Pell D-RI
- John Hubbard Chafee R-RI
- Albert Arnold Gore Jr. D-TN
- James Ralph Sasser D-TN
- Patrick Joseph Leahy D-VT
- Herbert H. Kohl D-WI
How each senator voted: No
- Frank Hughes Murkowski R-AK
- Theodore Fulton (Ted) Stevens R-AK
- Howell Thomas Heflin D-AL
- Richard C. Shelby D-AL
- Dale Bumpers D-AR
- David Hampton Pryor D-AR
- Dennis Webster Deconcini D-AZ
- John Sidney Mccain III R-AZ
- John Seymour R-CA
- George Hanks (Hank) Brown R-CO
- Timothy E. Wirth D-CO
- Christopher John Dodd D-CT
- Joseph I. Lieberman D-CT
- Joseph Robinette (Joe) Biden Jr. D-DE
- William Victor Roth Jr. R-DE
- Connie Mack III R-FL
- Daniel Robert (Bob) Graham D-FL
- Samuel Augustus Nunn D-GA
- Wyche Fowler Jr. D-GA
- Charles Ernest Grassley R-IA
- Larry Edwin Craig R-ID
- Steven Douglas Symms R-ID
- Alan John Dixon D-IL
- Daniel Ray Coats R-IN
- Richard Green Lugar R-IN
- Nancy Landon Kassebaum R-KS
- Robert Joseph (Bob) Dole R-KS
- Addison Mitchell (Mitch) Mcconnell R-KY
- Wendell Hampton Ford D-KY
- John Bennett Johnston Jr. D-LA
- John Berlinger Breaux D-LA
- Barbara Ann Mikulski D-MD
- Donald Wayne Riegle Jr. D-MI
- Christopher Samuel (Kit) Bond R-MO
- Chester Trent Lott R-MS
- William Thad Cochran R-MS
- Conrad Burns R-MT
- Max Sieben Baucus D-MT
- Jesse Helms R-NC
- Kent Conrad D-ND
- J. James Exon D-NE
- J. Robert Kerrey D-NE
- Robert C. Smith R-NH
- Warren Bruce Rudman R-NH
- William Warren (Bill) Bradley D-NJ
- Jesse Francis (Jeff) Bingaman Jr. D-NM
- Harry Reid D-NV
- Richard H Bryan D-NV
- Alfonse Marcello D'Amato R-NY
- David Lyle Boren D-OK
- Donald Lee Nickles R-OK
- Robert William Packwood R-OR
- Arlen Specter R-PA
- Henry John Heinz III R-PA
- Ernest Frederick (Fritz) Hollings D-SC
- James Strom Thurmond R-SC
- Larry Lee Pressler R-SD
- Thomas Andrew Daschle D-SD
- Lloyd Millard Bentsen Jr. D-TX
- William Philip (Phil) Gramm R-TX
- Edwin Jacob (Jake) Garn R-UT
- Orrin Grant Hatch R-UT
- Charles Spittal Robb D-VA
- John William Warner R-VA
- James Merrill Jeffords R-VT
- Brockman (Brock) Adams D-WA
- Thomas Slade Gorton III (Slade) R-WA
- Robert Walter Kasten Jr. R-WI
- John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV D-WV
- Robert Carlyle Byrd D-WV
- Alan Kooi Simpson R-WY
- Malcolm Wallop R-WY
Did not vote
- Alan Cranston D-CA
- Daniel Ken Inouye D-HI
- Jocelyn Birch Burdick D-ND
- Pete Vichi Domenici R-NM
- Harris Wofford D-PA
Other votes
From Voteview roll call records.
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Capitol Receipts, “To substitute a mandatory term of life…: Senate Vote, Feb 20, 1991,” https://www.capitolreceipts.com/vote/102-S-12/to-substitute-a-mandatory-term-of-life-imprisonment (accessed 2026-10-17).